Product Name: Thiophenol
Chemical Name: Benzenethiol
Synonyms: Phenyl mercaptan, Mercaptobenzene
Chemical Formula: C6H5SH
CAS Number: 108-98-5
Recommended Use: Laboratory chemical, synthesis of pharmaceuticals, organic intermediates
Manufacturer/Supplier: Refer to label or purchase documentation
Emergency Contact: Use national poison control and safety resources, company-specific numbers on container
Address: Distributed by chemical suppliers in various regions
Classification: Acute Tox. 3 (oral, dermal, inhalation), Eye Irrit. 2A, Aquatic Acute 3, Skin Sens. 1
Signal Word: Danger
Hazard Statements: Toxic if swallowed, in contact with skin, or inhaled. Causes skin and eye irritation. May cause allergic skin reaction. Harmful to aquatic life.
Pictograms: Skull and crossbones, exclamation mark
Precautionary Statements: Avoid all contact. Avoid breathing fumes or vapors. Use only in well-ventilated spaces. Wear eye protection, gloves, and respiratory protection. Keep away from waterways and drains.
Chemical Name: Thiophenol
Common Name: Benzenethiol
Concentration: 98% and above in most laboratory grades
Impurities/Additives: May contain trace stabilizers or contaminants, generally below 1%
General Advice: Immediate medical attention brings the best outcome. Remove contaminated clothing, discard or wash thoroughly.
If Inhaled: Remove from exposure, supply fresh air, seek medical attention if symptoms develop, such as nausea or breathing difficulty.
Skin Contact: Wash with soap and water for minimum 15 minutes. Seek medical advice for irritation or signs of absorption.
Eye Contact: Rinse for several minutes under flowing water. Remove contact lenses if present and comfortable. Arrange for medical evaluation.
If Swallowed: Do not induce vomiting unless directed by medical personnel. Rinse mouth, provide water if conscious, and seek immediate professional care.
Symptoms of Exposure: Severe irritation, nausea, dizziness, respiratory distress, allergic reactions
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Dry chemical, foam, carbon dioxide. Water spray controls vapors but may not extinguish flame.
Specific Hazards: Emits toxic sulfur oxides and other hazardous gases under fire conditions. Flammable liquid and vapor. Combustion may produce irritating smoke.
Special Protective Equipment for Firefighters: Full protective suit, self-contained breathing apparatus. Remove containers if safe. Cool exposed tanks with water spray.
Personal Precautions: Evacuate unprotected personnel. Ventilate area. Use chemical splash goggles, gloves, and organic vapor respirator. Prevent skin contact.
Environmental Precautions: Prevent leakage into surface water, groundwater, soil. Block drain points. Notify authorities for significant escapes.
Cleanup Methods: Soak up spill with inert absorbent—sand, earth, or vermiculite. Transfer to sealed waste container for disposal. Ventilate and wash area repeatedly. Decontaminate equipment.
Safe Handling: Use only in chemical fume hood or vented enclosure. Avoid inhalation, ingestion, and skin contact. Wear full PPE. Keep away from heat, sparks, and open flames.
Storage: Store tightly closed at room temperature in original container. Segregate from oxidizers, acids, alkalis. Use safety cabinet for flammable chemicals. Mark clearly with hazard information.
Occupational Exposure Limits: OSHA PEL and ACGIH TLV not precisely established, but handle as highly toxic.
Engineering Controls: Use chemical fume hood, explosion-proof venting. Wash hands thoroughly after handling.
Personal Protective Equipment: Chemical resistant gloves (nitrile, neoprene), protective apron, eye protection (goggles/face shield), organic vapor respirator for high concentration work.
Hygiene Measures: Wash hands and exposed skin after tasks. Do not eat, drink, or smoke in work area. Remove and dispose of contaminated PPE appropriately.
Appearance: Clear to pale yellow liquid
Odor: Strong, offensive, garlic-like
pH: Not applicable
Melting Point: -16°C (3°F)
Boiling Point: 168°C (334°F)
Flash Point: 42°C (107.6°F) (Closed cup)
Vapor Pressure: 1 mmHg at 32°C
Solubility: Insoluble in water, soluble in organic solvents (ethanol, ether, benzene)
Vapor Density: Heavier than air
Specific Gravity: 1.07 (water = 1)
Auto-Ignition Temperature: 545°C (1013°F)
Evaporation Rate: Data not established
Partition Coefficient (n-octanol/water): 2.2
Chemical Stability: Stable under recommended storage and normal conditions.
Reactivity: May react with strong oxidizers or alkali metals.
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Toxic vapors of sulfur oxides, phenolic compounds, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide.
Conditions to Avoid: Exposure to heat, open flames, oxidants, and incompatible reagents.
Polymerization: Not known to polymerize under standard conditions.
Incompatibility: Oxidizing agents, acids, alkalis, strong bases.
Acute Toxicity: LD50 (oral, rat) ~ 260 mg/kg, LD50 (dermal, rabbit) ~ 300 mg/kg. Highly toxic in small amounts.
Inhalation: Coughing, respiratory irritation, potential central nervous system effects, headaches, dizziness.
Skin Contact: Rapid penetration, risk of burns, allergic reactions, redness, and possible systemic toxicity.
Eye Contact: Causes severe irritation, redness, pain, possible corneal damage.
Chronic Effects: Long-term exposure may impact kidney and liver function. Repeated contact can cause sensitization or dermatitis.
Carcinogenicity: Not classified as carcinogenic by NTP, IARC, OSHA.
Other Data: Avoid repeated or prolonged exposure. Symptoms may develop long after exposure.
Toxicity to Aquatic Life: Harmful with direct release. Fish and aquatic invertebrates affected at low concentrations.
Persistence and Degradability: Degrades in soil and water but sulfur-containing byproducts linger.
Bioaccumulation Potential: Moderate risk due to some lipid solubility.
Mobility: Low in soil, higher in the air and surface water if spilled.
Other Harmful Effects: Byproducts contribute to odor and pollution.
Waste Disposal Methods: Dispose of contents through licensed hazardous waste contractor. Do not dump in drains, sewers, or environment.
Contaminated Packaging: Triple rinse and treat as hazardous chemical waste.
Regulatory Compliance: Comply with federal, state, and local regulations. Document and label all hazardous waste accurately.
UN Number: UN 2332
Shipping Name: Thiophenol
Transport Hazard Class: 6.1 (Toxic substances)
Packing Group: II
Labeling Requirements: Toxic, Marine Pollutant (if above threshold), Flammable liquid
Special Precautions: Use approved containers, avoid transport with food or incompatible materials. Provide emergency response card during transit.
Marine Pollutant: Yes, classified when above specified amounts.
OSHA Status: Toxic chemical, hazardous by definition.
TSCA Status: Listed under Toxic Substances Control Act.
SARA Title III: Section 302 (EHS) - No; Section 311/312 (Acute, Chronic) - Yes; Section 313 - No.
EPA Regulations: Hazardous air pollutant, subject to emissions standards.
WHMIS (Canada): D1A (very toxic), D2B (skin/eye irritant).
Other: Controlled under transport and environmental safety acts. Countries and regions list as hazardous and limit worker exposure.
