Product Name: 4-Chlorophenol
Chemical Formula: C6H5ClO
Synonyms: p-Chlorophenol, 1-Hydroxy-4-chlorobenzene
CAS Number: 106-48-9
Recommended Use: Intermediate in chemical synthesis; disinfectant; preservative
Supplier Details: Chemical manufacturer or distributor contact information, phone number, and emergency telephone number
Emergency Overview: White or pale pink crystalline solid with a distinct medicinal odor
Hazard Classifications: Acute toxicity (oral, dermal, inhalation), Skin corrosion/irritation, Serious eye damage/eye irritation, Specific target organ toxicity
Signal Word: Danger
Hazard Statements: Highly toxic, harmful if swallowed, fatal in contact with skin or if inhaled, causes severe skin burns and serious eye damage, may cause respiratory irritation
Pictograms: Skull and crossbones, corrosion
Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, skin contact, eye contact, ingestion
Precautionary Statements: Avoid breathing vapors or dust, wear protective gloves and clothing, do not eat/drink/smoke during use, flush exposed skin immediately if contact occurs
Other Hazards: May cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment
Chemical Name: 4-Chlorophenol
Concentration: > 99% by weight
CAS Number: 106-48-9
Impurities: Minimal, usually less than 1%; trace amounts of related phenols
Formula: C6H5ClO
Molecular Weight: 128.56 g/mol
Inhalation: Move affected person to fresh air, keep at rest, seek medical attention if symptoms persist
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing, immediately wash skin with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, get medical attention promptly
Eye Contact: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes, remove contact lenses if present and easy to do, continue rinsing, consult an ophthalmologist
Ingestion: Rinse mouth, do not induce vomiting, seek immediate medical attention
Main Symptoms and Effects: Burning sensation, itching, redness, blisters, systemic toxicity such as headache and nausea
Indication of Medical Attention: Immediate hospital treatment required if swallowed, inhaled, or in case of skin contact, support vital functions
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical powder, carbon dioxide
Unsuitable Extinguishing Media: Direct water jet may spread fire
Specific Hazards: Emits toxic fumes (hydrogen chloride, chloro-organic compounds, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide) on combustion
Protective Equipment for Firefighters: Full protective gear including SCBA (self-contained breathing apparatus)
Advice for Firefighters: Avoid inhalation of combustion products, control runoff water, remain upwind
Explosion Hazard: Dust/air mixtures may form explosive mixtures; containers may explode under fire conditions
Personal Precautions: Keep unprotected persons away, provide adequate ventilation, avoid creating dusty conditions, wear appropriate PPE
Environmental Precautions: Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe, do not allow to enter sewer or watercourses
Methods for Cleanup: Sweep up and shovel into suitable container for disposal, avoid generating dust, ventilate area, wash contaminated surfaces with plenty of water
Reference to Other Sections: Use PPE as described in Section on exposure controls, follow disposal guidelines
Safe Handling: Handle under well-ventilated conditions inside chemical fume hood, avoid inhalation and contact with skin, wear chemical-resistant gloves and goggles
Hygiene Measures: Wash hands thoroughly after handling, remove contaminated clothing, do not eat, drink, or smoke in work area
Conditions for Safe Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area, keep container tightly closed, protect from moisture, incompatible with oxidizing agents and strong acids
Incompatible Materials: Strong alkalis, strong oxidizers, metals
Occupational Exposure Limits: OSHA PEL: 5 ppm (skin); ACGIH TLV: 1 ppm (skin)
Engineering Controls: Chemical fume hood or local exhaust ventilation
Eye Protection: Chemical safety goggles or face shield
Skin Protection: Nitrile or neoprene gloves, long-sleeved lab coat, chemical-resistant boots
Respiratory Protection: NIOSH-approved respirator if ventilation is inadequate
Environmental Controls: Prevent release to environment by using spill containment and collection equipment
Appearance: White to pink crystalline solid
Odor: Strong, medicinal
Odor Threshold: Not established
pH: Weakly acidic in solution
Melting Point/Freezing Point: 42 °C (108 °F)
Boiling Point: 218 °C (424 °F)
Flash Point: 121 °C (closed cup)
Evaporation Rate: Not available
Flammability: Combustible solid
Vapor Pressure: 0.08 mmHg at 25 °C
Vapor Density: 4.4 (air = 1)
Relative Density: 1.30 (water = 1)
Solubility: Slightly soluble in water, freely soluble in alcohol and ethers
Partition Coefficient (log Kow): 2.39
Auto-ignition Temperature: 595 °C
Decomposition Temperature: Not specified
Chemical Stability: Stable under normal conditions, decomposes under strong heating
Reactivity: Reacts with strong oxidizers, acids, and alkalis
Conditions to Avoid: Excessive heat, open flames, sources of ignition, incompatible materials
Incompatible Materials: Strong oxidizing agents, metals, acids, alkalis
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Hydrogen chloride, carbon oxides, chlorinated compounds
Possibility of Hazardous Reactions: No polymerization expected under normal conditions
Acute Toxicity: LD50 Oral - Rat: 530 mg/kg; LD50 Dermal - Rabbit: 850 mg/kg
Skin Corrosion/Irritation: Causes burns, severe irritation
Serious Eye Damage/Irritation: Irritating, can cause permanent damage
Respiratory Sensitization: May cause allergic reactions, respiratory distress
Chronic Effects: Prolonged or repeated contact can cause dermatitis, effects on liver and kidneys
Carcinogenicity: Not classified as carcinogenic by IARC or NTP
Mutagenicity: Studies show potential for mutagenic effects
Other Effects: Central nervous system depression, headache, dizziness, nausea, drowsiness at high exposures
Toxicity to Aquatic Life: Highly toxic to fish and aquatic organisms; LC50 (fish): 5.2 mg/L (96h)
Persistence and Degradability: Readily biodegradable under aerobic conditions
Bioaccumulative Potential: Moderate potential for bioaccumulation (log Kow 2.39)
Mobility in Soil: Moderately mobile; may leach to groundwater
Other Adverse Effects: Long-term effects in aquatic environments possible, avoid release to natural water systems
Waste Treatment Methods: Incinerate at high temperature in a chemical incinerator with afterburner and scrubber
Disposal of Contaminated Packaging: Containers and packaging must be disposed of as hazardous waste, triple rinse before disposal, follow local regulations
Environmental Precautions: Do not pour into drains, soil, or water bodies
Other Recommendations: Consult local, regional, and national regulations regarding disposal
UN Number: 2020
Proper Shipping Name: Chlorophenols, solid
Transport Hazard Class: 6.1 (Toxic substance)
Packing Group: II
Marine Pollutant: Yes
Special Precautions: Keep away from food, feedstuffs, and incompatible materials, ensure container integrity during transport, emergency procedures in case of spillage
Labeling Requirements: Toxic, environmental hazard symbols required on packages
OSHA Status: Hazardous chemical by definition
EPA TSCA Status: Listed on Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA)
SARA Title III: Listed as a toxic chemical (Section 313)
CERCLA: Reportable quantity (RQ): 100 pounds (45.4 kg)
RCRA: U037, listed hazardous waste
California Proposition 65: Not listed
Other: Work with local, state, and federal guidelines for handling, reporting, and disposal
